How do I know what partner I need vs what I want?

What you want is usually a fantasy (based on media, childhood, fear). What you need is what actually supports you (secure attachment, shared values, mutual growth). Ask: Does this person make me feel safe? Do they challenge me to grow? Can I be myself? If yes to all three, they're a good match, regardless of whether they're your "type."

Should I compromise on my ideal partner profile?

Compromise on fantasy (they won't look like the model in your head), not on essentials (security, respect, values). If your non-negotiables are "they must be kind, emotionally available, and want commitment," that's reasonable. If your non-negotiables are "tall, wealthy, artistic," that's limiting and often points to shallow criteria.

What if my needs and wants are opposite?

That's important self-awareness. If you want a wild extrovert but need a stable introvert, you're setting yourself up for conflict. Your needs will likely win (security, stability matter in long-term), leaving you resentful toward your partner. Choose partners who meet your needs first; the sparkle follows.