Aphantasia shine rashin iya ƙirƙirar hotunan tunani da gangan. Idan aka ce mutum ya ƙirƙiro hoton wani abu a ransa — kamar rairayin bakin teku, tuffa, ko fuskar wani masoyi — mutumin da ke da aphantasia ba ya ganin wani hoto a ciki kwata-kwata, duk da cewa har yanzu ya san komai game da abin. Farfesa Adam Zeman da tawagarsa a Jami'ar Exeter ne suka ba shi wannan suna a shekarar 2015. Bambanci ne na yau da kullun a yadda hankalin ɗan adam ke aiki, ba matsala ba, kuma an kiyasta cewa yana shafar kashi 1-4% na mutane.

Yaya wannan gwajin aphantasia yake aiki?

An ƙirƙiri gwajin ne bisa ga Tambayoyin Bayyanar Hoton gani na Hankali (VVIQ), wanda shine daidaitaccen kayan aikin bincike don auna hoton tunani. Yana buƙatar ku rufe idanunku ku ƙirƙiro hotunan abubuwa 12 na yau da kullun — fuskoki, wurare, abubuwa, da motsi — sannan ku auna yadda kowane hoto yake a sarari, daga 'a sarari kamar ganin shi da gaske' zuwa 'babu hoto ko kaɗan'. Ana lissafa amsoshinku zuwa ɗaya daga cikin rukuni huɗu: aphantasic, mara haske (hypophantasia), na yau da kullun, ko hyperphantasic.

Shin gwajin kan layi zai iya gano aphantasia?

A'a. Wannan gwajin duba kai ne, ba ganewar asibiti ba. Aphantasia ba yanayin lafiya bane da ke da gwajin ganowa na hukuma — hali ne da ake ganowa ta hanyar rahoton kai na bayyanar hoton tunani, wanda shine ainihin abin da wannan gwajin ke aunawa. Zai iya nuna muku a fili inda kuke a kan ma'aunin hoton tunani kuma ya ba ku kalmomin da suka dace don bayyana abin da kuke fuskanta, amma ba ya maye gurbin magana da mai bincike ko likita idan kuna da wasu damuwa.

Shin aphantasia matsala ce ko nakasa?

A'a. Aphantasia bambanci ne na yau da kullun a cikin fahimta, ba ragi ko nakasa ba. Yawancin mutane masu aphantasia suna rayuwa cikakkiya tare da ƙwaƙwalwa mai ƙarfi da tunani mai zurfi — kawai suna tunani ne a cikin ra'ayoyi, kalmomi, ko alaƙar sarari fiye da hotuna. Wasu bincike ma sun nuna fa'idodi, kamar ƙarancin hotuna masu damun rai da ƙarancin tunani kan abubuwan da suka faru masu tada hankali. Shahararrun mutane masu aphantasia sun haɗa da Ed Catmull na Pixar da mahaliccin Firefox Blake Ross.

Menene hyperphantasia?

Hyperphantasia shine kishiyar aphantasia a kan ma'aunin: hoton tunani mai haske sosai wanda zai iya jin kusan kamar gaske kamar ganin abu da ido. Mutane masu hyperphantasia suna ƙirƙiro hotunan wurare a cikin cikakkun bayanai da launi kamar hoto na gaske, sau da yawa ba tare da wahala ba. An kiyasta cewa yana shafar kusan kashi 3% na mutane kuma, kamar aphantasia, bambanci ne na yau da kullun maimakon matsala. Sau da yawa yana tafiya tare da mafarkin rana mai haske da ƙwaƙwalwar tarihin rayuwa mai ƙarfi.

Shin gwajin aphantasia kyauta ne?

I. Dukkan tambayoyi 12 da cikakken sakamakonku — matsayinku a kan ma'aunin hoton tunani, abin da yake nufi, dabarun da za ku bi, da katin da za a iya rabawa — duk kyauta ne ba tare da buƙatar yin rajista ko imel ba. Yana ɗaukar kimanin mintuna uku kuma sakamakonku zai bayyana da zaran kun gama.

Gwajin Aphantasia Kyauta, Tambayoyi 12 don Auna Idon Hankalinku

Gwajin aphantasia kyauta: wurare 12 na hotuna masu sauri suna auna yadda idon hankalinku yake da haske, daga aphantasia (babu hotunan hankali) zuwa hyperphantasia (haske kamar hoto). An samo shi daga VVIQ. Sakamako nan take, ba tare da rajista ba.

tambayoyi 12mintuna 3

Yi wannan gwajin

Muhimman abubuwa

Menene Gwajin Aphantasia?

Aphantasia ita ce rashin iya ƙirƙirar hotunan hankali da son rai — lokacin da yawancin mutane suke 'hoton' faɗuwar rana ko fuskar aboki, suna ganin wani abu a kan allo na ciki, amma mutumin da ke da aphantasia ya san dukkan bayanai ba tare da ganin komai ba. An ba da sunan wannan hali a hukumance a shekarar 2015 da masanin ilimin jijiyoyi Adam Zeman da abokan aikinsa a Jami'ar Exeter, bisa ga wani abu da Francis Galton ya fara bayyanawa a 1880. Yana a ƙarshen wani ma'auni na hasken hoton hankali wanda ya kai har zuwa hyperphantasia, inda hoton yake da haske kamar gani na ainihi.

Karanta ƙari

Hasken hoton gani ya bambanta sosai tsakanin mutane kuma al'ada ce a kowane mataki na ma'aunin. Kididdiga sun nuna cewa kusan kashi 1-4% na mutane suna da aphantasia, wani ɗan ƙaramin kaso makamancin haka suna da hyperphantasia, kuma yawancin mutane suna faɗawa a tsakiya mai faɗi tare da idon hankali mai haske amma a bayyane yake 'na tunani' ne. Aphantasia ba cuta ba ce, ba matsalar ƙwaƙwalwa ba, ko rashin tunani ba — mutane da yawa da ke da ita suna da kyakkyawar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, tunani mai ƙarfi na sarari da na ra'ayi, da kuma sana'o'in ƙirƙira; Ed Catmull, wanda ya kafa Pixar, da Blake Ross, wanda ya ƙirƙiri Firefox, sanannun misalai ne.

Wannan gwajin aphantasia an samo shi ne daga Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ), ma'aunin rahoton kai na yau da kullun da David Marks ya haɓaka a 1973. Yana tambayarku ku yi hoton wurare 12 na yau da kullun — fuskoki, wurare, abubuwa, da motsi — kuma ku auna yadda kowane hoton hankali yake da haske. Amsoshinku suna nuna inda kuke a kan ma'aunin hoton: aphantasic, mara haske (hypophantasia), na yau da kullun, ko hyperphantasic. Gwajin tunani ne na kai mai sauri, ba ganewar asibiti ba, amma yana ba yawancin mutane kyakkyawar fahimta game da yadda idon hankalinsu yake idan aka kwatanta da wasu.

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