{
  "assessmentTests": {
    "optimism_pessimism": {
      "name": "樂觀主義和悲觀主義",
      "desc": "關於你的預設展望的 10 項檢查,使用公共領域 IPIP 量表對氣質樂觀主義。評估你對事情進展順利的期望程度,以及該期望下你的基線心情有多穩定。",
      "recommendation": "我們的建議",
      "_source": "International Personality Item Pool, 'Optimism (Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, 1994)' — 10 items, Alpha = .86. Items verbatim from ipip.ori.org/newSingleConstructsKey.htm. Public domain: 'permission has already been automatically granted for any person to use IPIP items, scales, and inventories for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial' (ipip.ori.org/newPermission.htm). Verified live 2026-08-31. NOT the LOT-R — Scheier & Carver grant the LOT-R for 'research and teaching applications' only, which excludes paid SaaS; see the license block in lib/scoring/tests/optimism-pessimism.ts. Six items are reverse-keyed (2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10 in the order below) and 'Seldom feel blue' / 'Often feel blue' are an intentional reverse-keyed pair, not a duplicate.",
      "instructions": "以下每個陳述在多大程度上描述了你?",
      "stem": "描述我:",
      "questions": [
        {
          "question": "看生活的光明面。",
          "options": [
            {
              "icon": "🚫",
              "label": "非常不準確",
              "desc": "完全不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🤔",
              "label": "中度不準確",
              "desc": "有點不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "😐",
              "label": "都不是",
              "desc": "既不準確也不不準確"
            },
            {
              "icon": "👍",
              "label": "中度準確",
              "desc": "有點像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🔥",
              "label": "非常準確",
              "desc": "絕對像我"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "question": "看到處處都有困難。",
          "options": [
            {
              "icon": "🚫",
              "label": "非常不準確",
              "desc": "完全不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🤔",
              "label": "中度不準確",
              "desc": "有點不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "😐",
              "label": "都不是",
              "desc": "既不準確也不不準確"
            },
            {
              "icon": "👍",
              "label": "中度準確",
              "desc": "有點像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🔥",
              "label": "非常準確",
              "desc": "絕對像我"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "question": "只知道我會成功。",
          "options": [
            {
              "icon": "🚫",
              "label": "非常不準確",
              "desc": "完全不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🤔",
              "label": "中度不準確",
              "desc": "有點不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "😐",
              "label": "都不是",
              "desc": "既不準確也不不準確"
            },
            {
              "icon": "👍",
              "label": "中度準確",
              "desc": "有點像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🔥",
              "label": "非常準確",
              "desc": "絕對像我"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "question": "對未來有黑暗的看法。",
          "options": [
            {
              "icon": "🚫",
              "label": "非常不準確",
              "desc": "完全不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🤔",
              "label": "中度不準確",
              "desc": "有點不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "😐",
              "label": "都不是",
              "desc": "既不準確也不不準確"
            },
            {
              "icon": "👍",
              "label": "中度準確",
              "desc": "有點像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🔥",
              "label": "非常準確",
              "desc": "絕對像我"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "question": "很少感到沮喪。",
          "options": [
            {
              "icon": "🚫",
              "label": "非常不準確",
              "desc": "完全不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🤔",
              "label": "中度不準確",
              "desc": "有點不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "😐",
              "label": "都不是",
              "desc": "既不準確也不不準確"
            },
            {
              "icon": "👍",
              "label": "中度準確",
              "desc": "有點像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🔥",
              "label": "非常準確",
              "desc": "絕對像我"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "question": "經常心情不好。",
          "options": [
            {
              "icon": "🚫",
              "label": "非常不準確",
              "desc": "完全不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🤔",
              "label": "中度不準確",
              "desc": "有點不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "😐",
              "label": "都不是",
              "desc": "既不準確也不不準確"
            },
            {
              "icon": "👍",
              "label": "中度準確",
              "desc": "有點像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🔥",
              "label": "非常準確",
              "desc": "絕對像我"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "question": "對自己感到滿意。",
          "options": [
            {
              "icon": "🚫",
              "label": "非常不準確",
              "desc": "完全不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🤔",
              "label": "中度不準確",
              "desc": "有點不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "😐",
              "label": "都不是",
              "desc": "既不準確也不不準確"
            },
            {
              "icon": "👍",
              "label": "中度準確",
              "desc": "有點像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🔥",
              "label": "非常準確",
              "desc": "絕對像我"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "question": "感覺我的生活缺乏方向。",
          "options": [
            {
              "icon": "🚫",
              "label": "非常不準確",
              "desc": "完全不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🤔",
              "label": "中度不準確",
              "desc": "有點不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "😐",
              "label": "都不是",
              "desc": "既不準確也不不準確"
            },
            {
              "icon": "👍",
              "label": "中度準確",
              "desc": "有點像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🔥",
              "label": "非常準確",
              "desc": "絕對像我"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "question": "不喜歡自己。",
          "options": [
            {
              "icon": "🚫",
              "label": "非常不準確",
              "desc": "完全不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🤔",
              "label": "中度不準確",
              "desc": "有點不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "😐",
              "label": "都不是",
              "desc": "既不準確也不不準確"
            },
            {
              "icon": "👍",
              "label": "中度準確",
              "desc": "有點像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🔥",
              "label": "非常準確",
              "desc": "絕對像我"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "question": "經常感到沮喪。",
          "options": [
            {
              "icon": "🚫",
              "label": "非常不準確",
              "desc": "完全不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🤔",
              "label": "中度不準確",
              "desc": "有點不像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "😐",
              "label": "都不是",
              "desc": "既不準確也不不準確"
            },
            {
              "icon": "👍",
              "label": "中度準確",
              "desc": "有點像我"
            },
            {
              "icon": "🔥",
              "label": "非常準確",
              "desc": "絕對像我"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "results": {
        "pessimistic": {
          "name": "為最壞的情況做好準備",
          "desc": "在這十個陳述上,你始終傾向於更黑暗的解讀:困難看起來很普遍,未來看起來不確定,低落的心情比偶爾的訪客更接近你的基線。防守性悲觀主義是一個真實的策略,它保護人們免受失望,但在這個範圍的末尾,成本通常是好的結果連同壞的結果一起被打折。",
          "recommendation": "將其視為今天的快照,而不是對你的裁決。樂觀主義文獻中最便攜的習慣是具體性:當事情出錯時,準確說出什麼出錯以及多長時間,而不是讓它代表事情通常如何進行。如果低落的心情是持久的而不是情境性的,這個測驗不是問這個問題的正確工具,與專業人士的談話比分數更有價值。"
        },
        "guarded": {
          "name": "警戒",
          "desc": "你故意保持期望很低。你不是為災難做好準備,但你也不會陷入好的結果,這個量表拿起了比升起更多的謹慎。這個樂隊中的人經常將自己描述為現實主義者,他們經常對自己看到的風險是正確的。",
          "recommendation": "你的謹慎在做有用的工作,所以目標不是說服自己放棄它。通常對這個樂隊有幫助的是分離預報和計劃:讓自己將好的結果命名為可能性,然後將你通常的偶然性思維與之一起保留,而不是代替它。"
        },
        "balanced": {
          "name": "平衡",
          "desc": "你的展望隨情況而變化,而不是固定在一端。你可以看到事情如何進展順利,以及如何可能出錯,這兩種閱讀都不會主導你的預設。這是規模的中間,在 10 項衡量中,中間確實是最寬的樂隊。",
          "recommendation": "這是一個靈活的地方,靈活性是值得保護的部分。如果你想知道分數的哪一半在做工作,看看下面的兩個子量表:高正面展望與較低的情緒穩定性與反向讀數非常不同,即使兩者都可以在這裡著陸。"
        },
        "optimistic": {
          "name": "樂觀",
          "desc": "你期望事情通常會進展順利,你的基線心情足夠穩定以支持這種期望,而不是反對它。你仍然看到困難,但它們被視為具體問題,而不是關於事情通常如何進行的證據。",
          "recommendation": "在這個末端要注意的主要事是盲點:積極的期望很容易低估了你不期望的結果的計劃。在你的流程中保留一個故意的悲觀主義者的問題,要麼是你自己的,要麼是別人的,關於改變費用的決定。"
        },
        "strongly_optimistic": {
          "name": "強烈樂觀",
          "desc": "你在幾乎每一項上的回答都接近量表的頂部:你期望好的結果,你很少看到處處都有困難,低落的心情不接近你的基線。這是一個耐久和研究充分的性格,它透過保持人們與問題相關而不是從中退出來做大部分工作。",
          "recommendation": "在這個末端有用的紀律是儘早邀請壞訊息,而不是晚。與具體缺點接觸倖存的樂觀主義比尚未測試的樂觀主義更有用,所以讓你周圍的人很容易首先給你異議。"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "testNames": {
    "optimism-pessimism": "樂觀主義和悲觀主義"
  }
}