Zettelkasten (German for "card box") is a personal knowledge management system based on writing atomic, interlinked notes. Unlike traditional hierarchical note-taking, Zettelkasten emphasizes: (1) atomicity (one idea per note), (2) bidirectional linking (notes reference each other), (3) emergence (unexpected connections surface from links), and (4) evolution (the network grows and improves over time). Popularized by sociologist Niklas Luhmann, who published 90 books and 500+ papers using his Zettelkasten, the method is now widely adopted by writers, researchers, and knowledge workers using digital tools (Obsidian, Roam Research, Logseq).