The internet's address book and traffic routing system
DNS translates domain names to IP addresses and is fundamental infrastructure for every internet application. Beyond basic resolution, DNS powers load balancing, failover, CDN routing, email delivery (MX, SPF, DKIM, DMARC), and service discovery. Misconfigured DNS is one of the most common causes of outages and email deliverability problems. Understanding DNS is critical for web deployments and debugging connectivity issues.