Haystack is a Python framework for building search and retrieval pipelines that integrate large language models. Pipelines chain components (document store, retriever, ranker, reader) into a single flow: documents are indexed, queries are retrieved, results are ranked, and answers are generated via LLM. Unlike traditional search engines (Elasticsearch), Haystack adds semantic understanding via embeddings and LLMs, enabling conversational search and question-answering over custom documents.