Nomad is HashiCorp's flexible workload orchestrator. Unlike Kubernetes (containers only), Nomad can schedule and manage diverse workloads: Docker containers, VMs, raw binaries, Java applications, batch jobs. Jobs are defined in HCL (HashiCorp Configuration Language) and submitted to a Nomad cluster. The cluster makes placement decisions (which machine runs which job) based on resources, constraints, and affinity rules. Nomad integrates with Consul (service discovery), Vault (secrets), and Terraform (infrastructure). It's designed for operators who want orchestration without the Kubernetes learning curve.