A patient registry is a centralized database collecting and organizing patient data for a specific purpose: research, quality improvement, or population health. Examples: cancer registry (tracking survivors), diabetes registry (monitoring outcomes), COVID registry (tracking variants and treatments). Registries structure messy EHR data into clean, analyzable datasets. Data flows: EHR → ETL (extract-transform-load) → Registry → Analysis. Registry enables researchers to ask questions: "What's the 5-year survival rate for patients with this cancer? Which hospitals have better outcomes?"