Reading/Writing Learner
Someone who prefers information as words: reading text, taking notes, rewriting it in their own sentences. Fleming added this to the older VAK scheme.
Read/write is the mode people forget, and the addition that distinguishes VARK from the VAK trio before it. Fleming and Mills (1992) separated preference for text from preference for images because the two behave differently: someone who wants a definition written out precisely is not asking for the same thing as someone who wants a diagram.
It shows up as notes that reproduce sentences rather than shapes, rewriting until the wording is right, and manuals over demonstrations.
The hazard is that its favourite activity, rereading, is one of the weakest study techniques measured. Rereading produces fluency: familiar text runs smoothly and the brain treats that smoothness as evidence of knowing. Retrieval practice removes the text so the difficulty becomes visible, which makes it feel worse and work better.
The fix keeps the preference and changes the operation. Writing a summary from memory, then checking it, is still reading and writing.
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