Milvus is an open-source vector database designed for fast similarity search on high-dimensional vectors (embeddings). You generate embeddings (dense vectors representing meaning), store them in Milvus with metadata, and query for semantically similar items. Example: embed 1M product descriptions, then given new description, find 10 most similar products in <100ms. The workflow: generate embeddings (OpenAI, open-source model) → store in Milvus with metadata → query with new embedding → get similar items ranked by similarity score.