Rollback netcode is a network architecture for fighting games that predicts the opponent's next move and renders it optimistically. When the real input arrives from the network, the game checks if prediction was correct. If wrong, the game state rewinds to a previous frame and re-simulates with the correct input. The rollback happens in <50ms, invisible to the player. Rollback enables responsive gameplay at high latency (100ms+) that feels local (0ms). Without rollback, latency is perceived as input lag: you press button, wait 100ms for opponent state, then act. With rollback: you press button, opponent state predicted instantly, rollback corrects if wrong.