Ukuzibhekameza kulozinne: ukuthakatheka okupindisayo, izimpawu zomzimba, uthenta owesondo, nokugwema. Imibuzo engama-20, isifinyezo esisheshile. Ithuluzi lokuzibhekameza, hhayi isigamulelo somungshi.
Ayikho okubhalisa—imiphumela yakho iyavela kabini.
DSM-5 panic disorder criteria domains · Original 20 items, not the copyrighted PDSS (Shear et al. 1997) — we do not administer that instrument. See lib/test-citations.ts for the full citation set.
Cha. Lolu hlolo yithuluzi lokuzibhekameza, hhayi ukuxilongwa. Lungakusiza ubone umkhuba obizwele imithwalo, kodwa kuphela umuntu ongumbongi onelayisensi, njengombongi, umuntu ongumbongi yengqondo, noma udokotela, okungakutshela ukuthakatheka ngokukhethekile—futhi lokho kulandelela ukuhlolwa okugcwele komuntu, okufanele nokukuhlola akunomo zomuntu ngemuva kwezilwane noma inhliziyo. Cabanga imiphumela yakho njengokuqala ezoxoxweni, hhayi isigamulelo.
Asibuyele ngempela. Isikhathi esisodwa sokuthakatheka, ngakho ngesikhathi esisindiswe, kuqaph futhi akusho ukuthakatheka. Ukuthakatheka kubhekiswe lapho ukuthakatheka okubuye, futhi lapho uthenta okulinda umuntu wakufezile, noma lapho umuntu ushintshe indawo ngokunetheka kwezizulini. Uma bekuthi yakha kungu-ilanga oyedwa, futhi akukhona ukutheketheka noma ukubushintsha, lokho kungumahlanu kukhulu kunama-ukuthakatheka.
Uhlolo Lokuthenta ibheka uthenta wengqondo: uthenta othambekele umuntu ongemuva futhi akushibe nemoto, ephakamisela umuntu, budlelwane—okuvusela kahle futhi akukushibe nekaxi. Ukuthakatheka kulungile okungemuva: izisulu ozivele ngeshatu kuze kopumula imizuzu, ziphakathike ngaphandle kwesizathu nomuntu. Umuntu angakwazi ukubukele okuvusele futhi okushibe nekaxi futhi kanye futhi aphe; izibukelo zemibuzo yomnye kuqathaniswa ngokumba yenye.
Uhlolo Lokuthenta Kumuntu ibheka okuthanta okuthambekele umuntu omtu emizini futhi ebunzwene—inikazi, isigwebo, noma ikucaza. Ukuthakatheka izikhathi zavumile asini endaweni: zingenzeka etafuleni, emotini, noma noma ethandiwe, ngaphandle kwabantu okwamankela. Abanye banokuthi abana nabakusokuthanta kumuntu nabanini, ngakho bayazigwema emizini ngoba sebekhona ukuthakatheka khona—kodwa isikhundla somnye kuqathaniswa nokulandelela izimpawu zabantu.
Ukuthatha okuhlolwa kwethu akumele kubhekwe njengokuhlolwa okugcwele nokunemba kwamandla akho. Imiphumela iyenhloso yokuthola ulwazi kanye nokuzibuyisela kuphela.
Ukuzibhekameza kulozinne: ukuthakatheka okupindisayo, izimpawu zomzimba, uthenta owesondo, nokugwema. Imibuzo engama-20, isifinyezo esisheshile. Ithuluzi lokuzibhekameza, hhayi isigamulelo somungshi.
Lolu hlolo lubheka ukuthakatheka ngezinne: ukuthakatheka okupindisayo (izisulu ezithile zokutheta okushisayo kuze kopumula imizuzu, ivamile ngaphandle kwesizatho), izimpawu zomzimba nokucabanga (inhliziyo eya ngeshatu, ukulimza okushisayo, ukungaziswa, nokuthenta okuthiswayo emgqomeni), uthenta owesondo (uthenta onokulinda, phakathi kwezikhathi, nokuthiwa umuntu bakuzoba lokuthakatheka kuphela), nokugwema (izindawo, izinto, noma izinqumo ozishintshile ukuze ungeke ukuthakatheka). Imibuzo engama-20, isikwele esincane, isifinyezo esiyinzwele oyingakuthatha engxoxweni.
Isikhathi esisodwa sokuthakatheka ngesikhathi esisindiswe, asini fani nokuthakatheka. Naningi abantu bafaka isikhathi esisodwa sokuthata okushisayo, futhi kunaningi kwawo asibuyele kube nkhuba. Ukuthakatheka yinto eyenzeka lapho ukuthakatheka okubuye, lapho uthenta onokulinda umzuzu owakukhulu, nokutheta okuthakatheka ekuqala ukumehlukela indawo ofika. Lapho ufika emomenta emanda, umuntu othole amapulazi ephakhasinda, ukhuma, nokuthenta okubonakala ungosindiswe, okubheka umuntu okuthakatheka ibkhona kumuthelo owenziwa umuntu abaningi—futhi akusho yini okushone ngempela. Iyinkomo yokusindi, hhayi ubufakazi bokuthi ubufakazi bubuyela.
Lolu hlolo lihluke kuhlolo lokuthenta, olubheka uthenta ongekakutsi oyedwa umuntu, nokuthenta okumuntu, olubheka okuthanta okuthambekele emizini; ukuthakatheka yinkhuba eyayo: ukuthakatheka, zisulu, futhi ivamile ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ithuluzi lokuzibhekameza, hhayi ukuxilongwa, futhi akusikhundlela sokundlela ngochwepheshe onelayisensi, umuntu ongumbongi, noma umdokotela. Uma imiphumela yakho izwakala iqondene nawe, umuntu ongumbongi ogcwele ukuthakatheka iyinzalamane elungile: Uhlelo lokwenza kube nzima (CBT) olwemuva lokwazi iqonde nomuntu azizwa ukuthakatheka ngokukhulu, futhi umuthelo angasiza uma uhambanisa nesikhundla.
Isikhathi sokuthakatheka: kanigakanani ukuthakatheka okuthile okuthakatheka kuze kopumula imizuzu.
Izimpawu zomzimba nokucabanga: inhliziyo eya ngeshatu, ukulimza okushisayo, ukungaziswa, nokuthenta okucaza okubonakala ubosindiswe.
Uthenta owesondo: isikwele sesikathi nokuwela owokukhuluma nokuthakatheka ezizulini elisha.
Indawo ozigweme: izindawo, izinto, noma izinqumo ozishintshile ukuze ungeke ukuthakatheka.
Isifinyezo elula kulozinne—okumukeleka ngochwepheshe noma odokotela, hhayi isigamulelo.
I experience sudden waves of intense fear or physical discomfort that peak within just a few minutes, seemingly out of nowhere.
Imibuzo 20, 4 imizuzu. Ayazisulisela—ayikho okwenjenje omuntu.
Okuboniswe kabini yobu wakho. Mahhala, okusetshenziswayo, okugcinile nxa ubhalise.
Epremiyamu ivula imphumela ephelele—umsebenzi, amandla, umhlela othuthuka.