JobCannon

Lithini Izinga Lami LesiSpanishi? Isivivinyo Samahhala se-CEFR Esinemibuzo Engu-40

Yenza Isivivinyo Sekhono LesiSpanishi se-CEFR samahhala ku-inthanethi: imibuzo engu-40 ngohlelo lolimi, isilulumagama, ukufunda kanye nolimi olusetshenziswa emsebenzini nsuku zonke. Thola izinga lakho kusukela ku-A1 kuya ku-C2 ngaso leso sikhathi, ngaphandle kokudinga i-imeyili ukuze ulibone. IsiSpanishi esibhaliwe kuphela, akukho ukulalela noma ukukhuluma.

Akudingeki ukubhalisa14 amaminithi
Yenza Lesi Sivivinyo
Okuyisisekelo

Yini i-Isivivinyo Sekhono LesiSpanishi?

Lesi Sivivinyo Sekhono LesiSpanishi sibeka isiSpanishi sakho esibhalwayo — futhi isiSpanishi sakho esibhalwayo kuphela — ku-Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, isilinganiso esinamazinga ayisithupha kusukela ku-A1 kuya ku-C2, esishicilelwe nguMkhandlu WaseYurophu futhi esisetshenziswa kulo lonke izwekazi laseYurophu nangaphesheya kwalo ukuze kuchazwe lokho umuntu akwazi ngempela ukukwenza ngolimi. Imibuzo engamashumi amane enezinketho ihlanganisa imikhakha emine: uhlelo lolimi nokwakheka kwemisho, ububanzi besilulumagama, ukuqonda okufundwayo, kanye nolimi olusebenzayo lomsebenzi wansuku zonke — uhlobo lolimi lwe-imeyili, lwenothi lokudlulisela umsebenzi komunye, lwesicelo esiya kozakwenu.

Funda Kabanzi

Amakhono amabili kwamane e-CEFR awafakwanga lapha ngamabomu. Asikho isigaba sokulalela futhi asikho isigaba sokukhuluma, ngakho umphumela uchaza ukufunda kwakho nesiSpanishi sakho esibhalwayo kuphela, akukho okunye. Umuntu angafunda futhi abhale ezingeni eliphezulu kodwa akuthole kunzima ukubamba ingxoxo esheshayo ocingweni, futhi okuphambene nalokho kwenzeka kaningi ngokufanayo. Thatha izinga lakho njengento ekhuluma ngombhalo, futhi ubheke ukukhuluma ngokukhululeka njengombuzo osavulekile lesi sivivinyo esingakawuphenduli.

IsiSpanishi ngokwaso siyisiSpanishi sasemsebenzini esingathathi hlangothi, esisekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwaseSpain. Amagama azwakala ngokwehlukile — noma ngendlela eyinhlamba — ngaphesheya kwe-Atlantic awafakwanga esivivinyweni, futhi akukho lutho olubalelwa amaphuzu oluncike egameni elisetshenziswa esifundeni esithile kuphela. Lapho umbuzo ukhuluma nomuntu emsebenzini, usebenzisa u-usted no-ustedes; lapho kuyingxoxo yansuku zonke, usebenzisa u-tú. Izimpawu zokugcizelela ziyingxenye yalokho okulinganiswayo, ngoba esiSpanishi zinencazelo: esta no-está, el no-él, si no-sí angamagama ahlukene.

Isivivinyo siyithuluzi lokuhlunga elihambisana nezincazelo ezishicilelwe ze-CEFR zalokho umuntu akwazi ukukwenza, hhayi isitifiketi esigunyaziwe. Asikwazi ukwethulwa njengesitifiketi, futhi asithathi indawo ye-DELE noma ye-SIELE — lezo zenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokuhlolwa ezisemthethweni, zihlanganisa wonke amakhono amane, futhi zinokwamukelwa ngamanyuvesi neziphathimandla ezibhekele abokufika, okuyinto lesi sivivinyo esingenayo. Lokho esikunikayo ngempela, ngemizuzu eyishumi nane futhi ngaphandle kokubhuka isikhathi, wukulinganisa okuqotho okungasetshenziswa kwezinga isiSpanishi sakho esibhalwayo esisebenza kulo, kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamaphuzu okukhombisa ukuthi yimuphi kule mikhakha emine olibambe lapho likhona.

Lokho Ozokuthola

Lokho Isivivinyo Esikuveza

Izinga lakho le-CEFR kusukela ku-A1 kuya ku-C2, nokuthi lisho ukuthini ngolimi olulula
Lokho okwaziyo nalokho ongakakwazi ukukwenza ngesiSpanishi emsebenzini, ngokubhala
Amaphuzu akho ohlelweni lolimi nasekwakhiweni kwemisho, kuhlanganise nezimpawu zokugcizelela
Ububanzi besilulumagama sakho, kusukela emagameni ansuku zonke kuya ekusebenziseni uhlobo lolimi olufanele ngokunembile
Ukuqonda kwakho okufundwayo emibhalweni yasemsebenzini efana neyangempela
Ukuthi yimuphi kule mikhakha emine owehlisa izinga lakho, nokuthi yini okufanele uyifunde ngokulandelayo

  • Cha. Silinganisa isiSpanishi esibhalwayo kuphela — uhlelo lolimi, isilulumagama, ukuqonda okufundwayo kanye nolimi olusetshenziswa emsebenzini nsuku zonke. Ukulalela nokukhuluma kungamakhono amabili kwamane e-CEFR futhi alikho nelilodwa lawo elifakiwe kulesi sivivinyo, ngakho izinga lakho lichaza lokho ongakwenza ngombhalo futhi alisho lutho ngokuthi uzwakala kanjani ocingweni.

  • Cha. Leli yithuluzi lokuhlunga elihambisana nezincazelo ezishicilelwe ze-CEFR zalokho umuntu akwazi ukukwenza, hhayi isitifiketi esigunyaziwe. Alilingani ne-DELE noma ne-SIELE futhi akumele lethulwe njengesinye sazo — lezo zenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokuhlolwa ezisemthethweni, zihlanganisa wonke amakhono amane, futhi zinokwamukelwa ngamanyuvesi, abaqashi kanye neziphathimandla ezibhekele abokufika, okuyinto lesi sivivinyo esingenayo.

  • IsiSpanishi sasemsebenzini esingathathi hlangothi, esisekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwaseSpain, esikhethwe ukuze umfundi oseBogotá, eBuenos Aires noma eBilbao ahlolwe ngento efanayo. Amagama ashintsha incazelo noma uhlobo lolimi kuye ngesifunda awafakwanga esivivinyweni, kusetshenziswa u-ustedes esikhundleni sika-vosotros, futhi awukho umbuzo oncike ekwazini igama lesifunda esithile.

  • Umbuzo ngamunye kule mibuzo engama-40 ubhalelwe izinga elithile le-CEFR, futhi amazinga ahlakazwe kuso sonke isivivinyo esikhundleni sokuthi ahlelwe kusukela kokulula kuya kokunzima. Isamba sezimpendulo zakho ezilungile siqhathaniswa nemingcele yamaphuzu esuselwe kuleyo nhlanganisela: ukuze ubekwe ezingeni elithile, kufanele ukwazi ukuphendula imibuzo ebhalelwe lelo zinga, hhayi nje ukuqoqa amaphuzu alula. Amaphuzu emikhakha emine aboniswa eceleni kwezinga kodwa awaliguquli — izinga linqunywa yisamba.

  • Imibuzo engama-40, cishe imizuzu eyi-14. Akukho sikhathi esibekiwe futhi awuphuthunyiswa, ngakho ungafunda umbhalo ngamunye kahle. Umbuzo ngamunye unempendulo elungile eyodwa kuphela, ngakho, ngokungafani nesivivinyo sobuntu, ayikho indlela yokuphendula "njengawe" — lesi yisivivinyo solwazi.

  • Lesi sivivinyo sinezinguqulo ezinhlanu ezilinganayo ezakhiwe ngepulani elifanayo, ngakho uma usiphinda uthola iqoqo elihlukile lemibuzo engama-40 elinenhlanganisela efanayo yobunzima, esikhundleni sephepha elifanayo futhi. Nokho, isiSpanishi esibhalwayo sithuthuka ngokufunda nangokuzijwayeza, hhayi ngokuzama kaningi — kufanele usiphinde ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa zokufunda, hhayi ngayo leyo ntambama.

  • Yilokho kanye esakhelwe khona, ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yaso. Umphumela uqala ngezinga le-CEFR kanye nencazelo ecacile, ngolimi olulula, yalokho umuntu akwazi ukukwenza ngesiSpanishi esibhalwayo emsebenzini, okuyilokho umuntu oqasha abasebenzi angathatha ngakho isinqumo. Izixwayiso ezimbili: sifakazela isiSpanishi esibhalwayo kuphela, ngakho asikwazi ukuthatha indawo yenhlolokhono yomlomo, futhi siwuphawu lokuhlunga, hhayi isitifiketi — sisebenzise njengesihlungi nanjengesiqalo sengxoxo, hhayi njengobufakazi.

Yenza i-Isivivinyo Sekhono LesiSpanishi se-CEFR Samahhala Manje

Thola iphrofayela yakho ye-Isivivinyo Sekhono LesiSpanishi. Imibuzo engu-40 · 14 amaminithi.

Yenza Lesi Sivivinyo
Okuhlobene

Izivivinyo Ezihlobene

Isivivinyo Sekhono LesiNgisiIsivivinyo Sohlelo LolimiIsivivinyo Sokucabanga NgamagamaIsivivinyo Sekhono LemveloIsivivinyo Sezinga Lekhono